simple geometry, known bound- Additional phase change model shipper simulation, including free
ary conditions, or initial conditions compounding will be completed convection, conduction, payload
via thermal chamber, and continu- as material properties (for example, geometry, and material properties.
ally improved material properties. specific heat versus temperature) Once simulation of each of these
Steady-state analysis will be used are further developed. In addition, individual areas has been complet-whenever possible. Payload geom- this validation process can, and will ed, validation of total representative
etry experiments will be complet- be, extended to other key areas for shipper solutions will follow.
■
ed and followed by simulation to
determine the relative importance
of free convection and conduction. The overall goal is to find how
much detail of the product load’s
solid modeling is needed to obtain
satisfactory results. Material property determination will include all
key transient thermal characteristics—thermal conductivity, specific
heat, and density—for the range of
components used at CCT such as
shippers, refrigerants, corrugate, and
This validation
process can, and
will be, extended to
other areas for shipper
simulation, including
free convection,
conduction, payload
geometry, and material
properties.
dunnage. It should be noted, too,
that the above phase change validation process did incorporate free
convection, even though that was
not the focus of the validation work.
This fact provides additional evidence for the robustness of the thermal modeling techniques being used
by CCT.
Comparison of simulation results
and actual chamber test data has
shown that CCT now has the capability to reliably model phase change
of its refrigerants in a stagnant air
(free convection) environment.
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